Amashusho aboneka gukururwa kurubuga rwibiro bishinzwe itangazamakuru rya MIT ahabwa ibigo bidaharanira inyungu, itangazamakuru, hamwe nabenegihugu munsi ya Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Non-Derivative licence.Ntugomba guhindura amashusho yatanzwe, gusa uyahinga kuri ingano ikwiye. Inguzanyo igomba gukoreshwa mugihe wandukuye amashusho;niba bidatanzwe hepfo, inguzanyo "MIT" kumashusho.
Ba injeniyeri ba MIT bakoze robot ikoreshwa na rukuruzi isa na robot ishobora kunyerera cyane mu nzira zifunganye, zizunguruka, nka vasculature ya labyrintine.
Mu bihe biri imbere, iyi nsanganyamatsiko ya robo irashobora guhuzwa nubuhanga buriho bwa endovaskulaire, bigatuma abaganga bayobora kure ya robo binyuze mumitsi yamaraso yubwonko bwumurwayi kugirango bavure byihuse ibisebe nibikomere, nkibibera muri aneurysme na stroke.
Ati: “Indwara ya stroke ni yo mpamvu ya gatanu itera impfu kandi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera ubumuga muri Amerika.Niba indwara ya stroke ishobora kuvurwa mu minota 90 cyangwa irenga, ubuzima bw'abarwayi bushobora gutera imbere ku buryo bugaragara. " kuzibira muri iki gihe cyambere, dushobora kwirinda kwangirika kwubwonko buhoraho.Ibyo ni byo byiringiro byacu. ”
Zhao n'itsinda rye, barimo umwanditsi mukuru, Yoonho Kim, umunyeshuri wahawe impamyabumenyi mu ishami rya MIT mu ishami ry’imashini, basobanura igishushanyo mbonera cy’imashini cyoroheje uyu munsi mu kinyamakuru Science Robotics. Abandi banditsi b'uru rupapuro ni umunyeshuri wahawe impamyabumenyi ya MIT Umudage Alberto Parada ndetse n'umunyeshuri wasuye Shengduo Liu.
Kugira ngo bakureho amaraso mu bwonko, abaganga bakunze kubaga endovaskulaire, uburyo bworoshye bwo kubaga aho umuganga abaga yinjiza umugozi muto unyuze mu mitsi nyamukuru y’umurwayi, ubusanzwe mu kuguru cyangwa mu kibero. shushanya imiyoboro y'amaraso, umuganga abaga noneho azunguza intoki mu mitsi yamaraso yangiritse. Catheter irashobora noneho kunyuzwa kumurongo kugirango igabanye ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibikoresho byo kugarura ahantu hafashwe.
Kim yavuze ko ubu buryo bushobora gusaba umubiri, kandi bugasaba ko abaganga babaga batojwe kugira ngo bahangane n’imirasire ya fluoroscopi.
Kim yagize ati: "Ni ubuhanga busaba cyane, kandi ntihaboneka gusa abaganga babaga bahagije kugira ngo bakorere abarwayi, cyane cyane mu mijyi cyangwa mu cyaro."
Ubuyobozi buyobora ubuvuzi bukoreshwa muri ubwo buryo ni pasiporo, bivuze ko bugomba gukoreshwa mu ntoki, kandi akenshi bukozwe mu cyuma kivanze n'icyuma kandi bugashyirwaho na polymer, Kim avuga ko bushobora gutera amakimbirane no kwangiza umurongo w'imiyoboro y'amaraso. Byagumye mu gihe gito cyane umwanya muto.
Iri tsinda ryabonye ko iterambere muri laboratoire ryabo rishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere y’imitsi, haba mu gutegura umurongo ngenderwaho ndetse no kugabanya abaganga guhura n’imirasire iyo ari yo yose.
Mu myaka mike ishize, itsinda ryashyizeho ubuhanga muri hydrogel (ibikoresho biocompatibilité ahanini bikozwe mumazi) hamwe nibikoresho bya 3D byo gucapa magneto bishobora gukoreshwa mugukurura, gusimbuka ndetse no gufata umupira, mugukurikiza icyerekezo cya rukuruzi.
Muri urwo rupapuro rushya, abashakashatsi bahujije imirimo yabo kuri hydrogels hamwe na magnetique ikora kugirango babashe gukora insinga zikoreshwa na magnetiki, hydrogel ikozweho na robo ya robo, cyangwa umurongo ngenderwaho, ko bashoboye Gukora ibinini bihagije kugirango bayobore imiyoboro y'amaraso binyuze mu bwonko bwa kopi ya silicone. .
Intandaro y'insinga za robo zikoze muri nikel-titanium, cyangwa "nitinol," ibikoresho byombi bigoramye kandi byoroshye.Ntabwo bimeze nk'ibimanikwa, bigumana imiterere yabyo iyo byunamye, insinga ya nitinol isubira uko yari imeze, ikayiha byinshi guhinduka mugihe cyo gupfunyika imiyoboro y'amaraso ifatanye.Ikipe yatwikiriye intandaro y'insinga muri paste ya reberi, cyangwa wino, hanyuma iyinjizamo uduce duto twa magneti.
Hanyuma, bakoresheje uburyo bwa chimique bari barateje imbere kugirango bapfundikire kandi bahuze magnetiki hamwe na hydrogel - ibintu bitagira ingaruka kumyitwarire ya magnetiki iri munsi, mugihe bigitanga ubuso bworoshye, butarimo Ubuvanganzo, butabangikanye na biocompatible.
Berekanye neza no gukora neza insinga za robo bakoresheje magneti manini (cyane nkumugozi wigipupe) kugirango bayobore insinga banyuze munzira yinzitizi yumuzingi muto, wibutsa insinga inyura mumaso yurushinge.
Abashakashatsi kandi bapimye insinga muri kopi ya silicone yubuzima bwimitsi yubwonko bukomeye bwubwonko, harimo uturemangingo na aneurysms, bigana CT scan yubwonko bwumurwayi nyirizina.Ikipe yujuje icyombo cya silicone n'amazi yigana ubwiza bwamaraso. , hanyuma intoki zikoresha magnesi nini hafi yicyitegererezo kugirango ziyobore robot unyuze muri kontineri ihindagurika, inzira ifunganye.
Kim avuga ko insinga za robo zishobora gukora, bivuze ko imikorere ishobora kongerwamo - urugero, gutanga imiti igabanya umuvuduko wamaraso cyangwa kumena inzitizi hamwe na laseri.Kugaragaza ibyanyuma, itsinda ryasimbuye insina za nitinol insinga za fibre optique basanga ko barashobora kuyobora magnetique kuyobora robot no gukora lazeri imaze kugera mukarere.
Igihe abashakashatsi bagereranyaga insinga ya robo ya hydrogel yubatswe n’insinga za robo zidafunze, basanze hydrogel yahaye insinga inyungu zikenewe cyane zo kunyerera, bituma ishobora kunyerera ahantu habi hatarinze gukomera.Mu nzira ya endovasculaire, uyu mutungo uzaba urufunguzo rwo gukumira amakimbirane no kwangirika kumurongo wubwato nkuko umugozi wanyuze.
Kyujin Cho, umwarimu w’ubuhanga bw’ubukanishi muri kaminuza nkuru ya Seoul yagize ati:Ati: “Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana uburyo bwo gutsinda iki kibazo.ubushobozi kandi bushoboze uburyo bwo kubaga ubwonko nta kubaga kumugaragaro. ”
Nigute iyi nsanganyamatsiko nshya ya robo irinda abaganga kubaga imirasire? Imiyoboro ya magnetiki iyobora ikuraho ibikenerwa kubaga basunika insinga mu maraso y’umurwayi, Kim yavuze. Ibi bivuze ko umuganga nawe atagomba kuba hafi y’umurwayi kandi , icy'ingenzi, fluoroscope itanga imirasire.
Mu gihe cya vuba, aratekereza ko kubaga endovasculaire ikubiyemo ikoranabuhanga rya magneti risanzweho, nk'ibice bibiri bya magneti manini, bigatuma abaganga baba hanze y'icyumba cyo kubamo, kure ya fluoroskopi ishushanya ubwonko bw'abarwayi, cyangwa se ahantu hatandukanye rwose.
Kim yagize ati: "Ibibanza biriho birashobora gukoresha umurima wa rukuruzi ku murwayi kandi bigakorera icyarimwe fluoroscopi, kandi umuganga ashobora kugenzura umurima wa rukuruzi hamwe na joystick mu kindi cyumba, cyangwa no mu wundi mujyi." koresha ikoranabuhanga rihari mu ntambwe ikurikira kugira ngo ugerageze umugozi wa robo muri vivo. ”
Inkunga yatanzwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi yavuye mu biro bishinzwe ubushakashatsi mu mazi, Ikigo cya MIT's Soldier Nanotechnology Institute, na National Science Foundation (NSF).
Umunyamakuru wa Motherboard, Becky Ferreira, yanditse ko abashakashatsi ba MIT bakoze umugozi wa robo ushobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura imitsi y’amaraso cyangwa imitsi. Imashini zishobora kuba zifite ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa lazeri “zishobora kugezwa mu bice by’ubwonko.Ubu bwoko bwa tekinoloji yibasiwe cyane birashobora kandi gufasha kugabanya ibyangiritse biturutse ku bihe byihutirwa by’imitsi nka stroke. ”
Abashakashatsi ba MIT bakoze umurongo mushya wa robotics ya magnetron ishobora kuzerera mu bwonko bw'umuntu, nk'uko umunyamakuru wa Smithsonian, Jason Daley yaranditse. ”Daly abisobanura.
Umunyamakuru wa TechCrunch, Darrell Etherington yanditse ko abashakashatsi ba MI bakoze umugozi mushya wa robo ushobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo kubaga ubwonko bitagabanuka. ibikomere bishobora gutera aneurysm na stroke. ”
Abashakashatsi ba MIT bakoze inzoka nshya ya robo igenzurwa na rukuruzi ishobora gufasha umunsi umwe gufasha kubaga ubwonko bitagabanuka, nk'uko byatangajwe na Chris Scienter-Walker witwa New Scientist. shikira imiyoboro y'amaraso. ”
Umunyamakuru wa Gizmodo, Andrew Liszewski yanditse ko umurimo mushya umeze nk'urudodo umeze nk'urudodo rwakozwe n'abashakashatsi ba MIT rushobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho vuba inzitizi n'imitsi itera inkorora. ”Imashini za robo ntizashoboraga gusa kubagwa nyuma ya stroke vuba na bwangu, ahubwo zishobora no kugabanya imishwarara. ko akenshi abaganga bagomba kwihanganira. ”Liszewski yabisobanuye.